Kathmandu: The traditional cultural festival Gaijatra, observed annually for eight days from Bhadra Krishna Pratipada to Ashtami, is being celebrated with special programs nationwide today. The festival is primarily dedicated to remembering relatives who have passed away within the past year.

On this day, participants dress as cows or decorate themselves to resemble cows and parade around their communities in honor of the deceased. According to religious belief, the deceased can cross the mythical Baitarani River by holding the tail of the cow during this symbolic procession. Along the parade route, devotees offer milk, fruits, bread, chiura, curd, grains, and money to the participants.

Historical Origins During King Pratap Malla’s Reign
Gaijatra is believed to have begun during the time of King Pratap Malla. To console his grieving queen after the loss of their son, the king encouraged people to organize a Gaijatra procession in memory of their own departed loved ones. When the queen saw that many others were also mourning, she found solace. To further lighten her heart, the king introduced a tradition of comedy performances, which have since become a hallmark of the festival.

Satire, Social Commentary, and Cultural Significance
Comedy and satire remain a key feature of Gaijatra. In the past, the festival faced restrictions due to its sharp satire against the Panchayat system. However, it was revived in BS 2033 by the Nepal Royal Academy of Sciences. Today, performers use humor to highlight and criticize social evils and anomalies, blending entertainment with social awareness.

Celebrations Across the Country
Gaijatra is widely celebrated in cities with significant Newar populations, including Kathmandu Valley, Banepa, Dhulikhel, Pokhara, Ilam, Dharan, and Biratnagar. The government has declared a public holiday in the Kathmandu Valley today, while local governments in other areas with large Newar communities have also announced holidays.